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1. General considerations on trouble shooting

As a rule, one should not expect everything running smoothly from the very beginning. E-mail messages do not reach their destinations, but you do not why.
Unluckily there is no solid problem determination tool, and you must try to figure out by yourself what is going wrong.
IBM iSeries Infocenter page Troubleshooting e-mail provides a simple scheme to address most common cases.
To solve particular e-mail problems, you may use the MMAIL CGI program DSPQZMFDTA to display the current entries of the QZMF journal.
Never despare. Soon or later you will fix the trouble; then try to remember what you did.

2. The e-mail messages do not arrive to their destinations

All mailing troubles do result into this condition. The problem stays in isolating the error.
A first step in this direction is that of finding whether the mail message was able to leave the system.
You must first understand how things work.

MMAIL builds the MIME message as an IFS stream file /mmail/temp/Qnnn.txt .
Then MMAIL calls API QTMMSENDMAIL that submits the request to MSF.
MSF reads the stream file, deletes it from the IFS, and passes it to SMTP.
SMTP cares for sending the message out from port 25. To where, that depends on SMTP attributes (command CHGSMTPA).

One thing you can tell for sure, is whether SMF has taken the message or not. Just enter command wrklnk '/mmail/temp/*' and see whether your message is still there. If yes, then you have troubles with MSF, if not, the message was hopefully passed to SMTP for being kicked off the system (only the QZMF journal can tell if that was successful).

Let us take the case when the e-mail message is still in directory /mmail/temp . Of course the message may be still there because you forgot to start msf or smtp (you may as well display the joblogs of the QMSF jobs in sbs QSYSWRK, to see if any nasty message there). Usually however, this is because something is wrong with the e-mail message itself.
First you should look at the joblog of the job sending the message via MMAIL, and check if there is a message telling that the e-mail was submitted to MSF. Next, you must display the /mmail/temp/Qnnn.txt stream file, check that both the sender's and the receiver's e-mail addresses are there, and that all the e-mail addresses contain the @ character.
If any error in the e-mail addresses, you may just key in your changes, save the changes and enter command mmail/resend. It may work (but you have still to fix the problem of bad addressing, see the next FAQ).

If the e-mail message is no longer in directory /mmail/temp/, it means that it was successfully passed to SMTP, but still you do not know whether SMTP was able to send it out.
Some little help in this case may come by trying to send an e-mail message through command SNDDST. If it goes through and reaches its destination, at least you know that your SMTP is working all right and that the external path is also working. To be able to use command SNDDST, you must use an user profile enrolled in the system distribution directory (ADDDIRE, WRKDIRE). We suggest that you enter a command like the following (just change the destination address to one that comes to you):

SNDDST TYPE(*LMSG)     TOINTNET((Charlie.Brown@gmail.com))     DSTD('Hello via SNDDST')     LONGMSG('Hi Charlie, you are receiving this message thanks to command SNDDST.')     CFMDEL(*YES) USRID(*CURRENT)     SUBJECT('Hello (SNDDST)')

If not even the SNDDST has success, the possibles causes could be:

• the SMTP configuration is not correct (see FAQ number 7; if running Domino on the same system as MMAIL, see FAQ number 5)
• if your system is sending the mail messages to a mail server other than your ISP mail server, maybe that your messages are simply rejected (see FAQ number 5).
• the mailbox you are sending the message is inactive (in this case, you the sender's e-mail is yours, you should receive a non-delivery message)
• your message is detected as a SPAM message at your ISP or at the ISP of the receiver (the receiver may use the webmail provided by his ISP and check if the message arrived and was routed to a SPAM directory or similar)
• your system has been flagged as delinquent and enrolled in a Public Block List; as a consequence messages out of it are blocked in the network. To check out this, enter the IP address of your system at page SpamHouse inquiry.

3. Domain control characters ("@") not recognized as such by MSF

This issue is generally related to system value QCCSID 65535. Such a value inhibits page code conversion, and a result would transmit to MSF the wrong character istead of @. The problem is usually solved when one at last decides to replace the system value QCCSID with the appropriate value for the national language in use.
Check out the following IBM iSeries Infocenter pages:

• Recommendations and guidelines for using CCSIDs
• Language identifiers and associated default CCSIDs
• Default system values for national language versions

See also FAQ number 9.

4. How should to configure TCP/SMTP/POP to send and to receive mail

Click here to display a useful IBM document on this subject.

5. How to have native SMTP working on a system where Lotus Domino is also running

Lotus Domino uses its own SMTP service on port 25, the same used by native OS/400 SMTP. Port 25 is locked by Domino, and the native SMTP is therefore inhibited.
To solve this conflict, you should use a function called "bind to specific IP address".
In the Domino environment, this is achieved using the CHGDOMSVR command to bind your Domino server to a specific address.
In the native environment, it is achieved through a function that allows the OS/400 SMTP server and OS/400 SMTP client to bind to a specific TCP/IP address.
In this way, even if you cannot change the SMTP port number, you can force the OS/400 SMTP service to use a specific TCP/IP address, different from the Domino one.
This technique is described in one of the IBM redbooks:
Lotus Domino for AS/400 Internet Mail and More, SG24-5990,
Chapter 5. One iSeries server and two SMTPs.
In this chapter you can find the instructions to setup the service up to V4R5. Starting from V5R1, you must use the Operations Navigator:
Network ---> Servers ---> TCP/IP ---> Select the SMTP service ---> Right button on it ---> Properties ---> Bindings

6. How to have outgoing mail from an iSeries be served by a mail server on another system

Suppose that your iSeries is not connected to Internet, and that you have another system connected to Internet and acting as a mail server.
To have the outgoing mail from your iSeries served by this mail server:

1. suppose that the IP address of the mail server is "m1.m2.m3.m4' and that the IP address of your iSeries is i1.i2.i3.i4"
2. on your iSeries enter the following command:
      chgsmtpa mailrouter('m1.m2.m3.m4') firewall(*yes)
   and re-start the SMTP server
3. on the other system acting as a mail server, if a SPAM filter is active for SMTP, you must update the filter to allow mail requests from IP address "i1.i2.i3.i4".
   If the system acting as a mail server is an iSeries, V5R1 or later, enter the following command
      addsmtple type(*accept) intnetadr('i1.i2.i3.i4')
   and re-start the SMTP server.
   For more information about SPAM filters, see this page.

7. How to configure the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) server

There are two main cases (V5R1):

1. the iSeries is a mail server (is connected to the Internet)
2. the iSeries is not a mail server (is not connected to the Internet), but is connected to another system acting as mail server (for instance, a mail service provider).

Here are two sample SMTP configurations for the two cases.

1. iSeries mail server Change SMTP Attributes (CHGSMTPA) Type choices, press Enter. Autostart server . . . . . . . . *YES *YES, *NO, *SAME Retries by minute: Number of retries . . . . . . 3 0-99, *SAME, *DFT Time interval . . . . . . . . 30 0-99, *SAME, *DFT Retries by day: Number of retries . . . . . . 0 0-9, *SAME, *DFT Time interval . . . . . . . . 0 0-9, *SAME, *DFT Retries by hour: Number of retries . . . . . . 0 0-99, *SAME, *DFT Time interval . . . . . . . . 0 0-99, *SAME, *DFT Retry remote name server . . . . *NO *YES, *NO, *SAME Automatic registration . . . . . *NO *NO, *YES, *SAME User ID prefix . . . . . . . . QSM Name, *SAME, *DFT Address . . . . . . . . . . . QSMRMTAD Name, *SAME, *DFT System name . . . . . . . . . TCPIP Character value, *SAME, *DFT Alias table type . . . . . . . *SYSTEM *SAME, *SYSTEM, *PERSONAL User ID delimiter . . . . . . . '?' *SAME, *DFT, ?, =, ., &, $... Mail router . . . . . . . . . . *NONE Coded character set identifier 00819 1-65533, *SAME, *DFT Mapping tables: Outgoing EBCDIC/ASCII table . *CCSID Name, *SAME, *CCSID, *DFT Library . . . . . . . . . . Name, *LIBL, *CURLIB Incoming ASCII/EBCDIC table . *CCSID Name, *SAME, *CCSID, *DFT Library . . . . . . . . . . Name, *LIBL, *CURLIB Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . *YES *YES, *NO, *SAME Journal . . . . . . . . . . . . *NO *YES, *NO, *SAME Process all mail through MSF . . *NO *YES, *NO, *SAME Percent routing character . . . *YES *YES, *NO, *SAME Dial-up scheduler: Start with SMTP server . . . . *NO *NO, *SAME, *YES Configuration profile . . . . Name, *SAME Connection time interval . . . 1-1440 minutes, *SAME, *NONE Support ETRN for server . . . . *NO *SAME, *NO, *YES Support ETRN for client: Enable client ETRN . . . . . . *NO *NO, *SAME, *YES Incoming mail server address Mail domain name . . . . . . . Support 8-bit MIME . . . . . . . *NO *SAME, *NO, *YES Delivery status notification: Responsible person . . . . . . *NONE Subsystem description . . . . . QSYSWRK Name, *SAME, *DFT Library . . . . . . . . . . . QSYS Name Realtime Blackhole List . . . . *NONE Allow relayed mail . . . . . . . *LIST *SAME, *NONE, *ALL, *LIST... Interface/domain association . . *NONE *SAME, *NONE, *LIST Filter mail for virus . . . . . *NONE *SAME, *NONE, *KEEP, *DISCARD Notes. "Mail router" in this case must be *NONE The "Allow relayed mail" parameter is used to determine which e-mail messages will be accepted. In other words, this is a SPAM filter to avoid that other systems connected in the Internet may use the CPU time of this system for sending their e-mail messages. The *LIST parameter tells that a list of authorized IP addresses has been provided via command ADDSMTPLE. For more information see this page. 2. iSeries NOT mail server Change SMTP Attributes (CHGSMTPA) Type choices, press Enter. Autostart server . . . . . . . . *YES *YES, *NO, *SAME Retries by minute: Number of retries . . . . . . 3 0-99, *SAME, *DFT Time interval . . . . . . . . 30 0-99, *SAME, *DFT Retries by day: Number of retries . . . . . . 0 0-9, *SAME, *DFT Time interval . . . . . . . . 0 0-9, *SAME, *DFT Retries by hour: Number of retries . . . . . . 0 0-99, *SAME, *DFT Time interval . . . . . . . . 0 0-99, *SAME, *DFT Retry remote name server . . . . *NO *YES, *NO, *SAME Automatic registration . . . . . *NO *NO, *YES, *SAME User ID prefix . . . . . . . . QSM Name, *SAME, *DFT Address . . . . . . . . . . . QSMRMTAD Name, *SAME, *DFT System name . . . . . . . . . TCPIP Character value, *SAME, *DFT Alias table type . . . . . . . *SYSTEM *SAME, *SYSTEM, *PERSONAL User ID delimiter . . . . . . . '?' *SAME, *DFT, ?, =, ., &, $... Mail router . . . . . . . . . . '9.2.176.92' Coded character set identifier 00819 1-65533, *SAME, *DFT Mapping tables: Outgoing EBCDIC/ASCII table . *CCSID Name, *SAME, *CCSID, *DFT Library . . . . . . . . . . Name, *LIBL, *CURLIB Incoming ASCII/EBCDIC table . *CCSID Name, *SAME, *CCSID, *DFT Library . . . . . . . . . . Name, *LIBL, *CURLIB Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . *YES *YES, *NO, *SAME Journal . . . . . . . . . . . . *NO *YES, *NO, *SAME Process all mail through MSF . . *NO *YES, *NO, *SAME Percent routing character . . . *YES *YES, *NO, *SAME Dial-up scheduler: Start with SMTP server . . . . *NO *NO, *SAME, *YES Configuration profile . . . . Name, *SAME Connection time interval . . . 1-1440 minutes, *SAME, *NONE Support ETRN for server . . . . *NO *SAME, *NO, *YES Support ETRN for client: Enable client ETRN . . . . . . *NO *NO, *SAME, *YES Incoming mail server address Mail domain name . . . . . . . Support 8-bit MIME . . . . . . . *NO *SAME, *NO, *YES Delivery status notification: Responsible person . . . . . . *NONE Subsystem description . . . . . QSYSWRK Name, *SAME, *DFT Library . . . . . . . . . . . QSYS Name Realtime Blackhole List . . . . *NONE Allow relayed mail . . . . . . . *ALL *SAME, *NONE, *ALL, *LIST... Interface/domain association . . *NONE *SAME, *NONE, *LIST Filter mail for virus . . . . . *NONE *SAME, *NONE, *KEEP, *DISCARD Notes. "Mail router" is the TCP address of the system acting as mail server For "Allow relayed mail" specify: *ALL only if your iSeries is NOT connected to the outside network (Internet). In this way mail requests from any other local system are accepted. This allows any other internal system to send mail requests (via mail router address) to this system. These requests will then be routed to the mail server specified as mail router address on this system. *NONE if your iSeries IS connected to the outside network (Internet). In this way you will prevent your system to be abused by other hacking systems in the outside network trying to use the CPU of your system to send their mail. One must make sure that the mail server accepts mail requests submitted from this system. A special but common case is that where all computers in your shop can receive/send mail through the link to a mail service provider. If your iSeries is connect to the outside network (Internet) and its IP address is in the range of IP addresses served by this provider, then you mayhave your iSeries outgoing mail served by this provider too. Assuming that you have Outlook as mail server on your PC, do the following: Click "Tools" and select "Accounts..." Display the Properties of your mail service provider account Press the "Server" tab Take a note of the address specified on line "Outgoing mail" Open a DOS prompt and ping that address, so that the corresponding IP address is displayed That is the IP address you have to specify in the "Mail router" parameter of SMTP attributes (see command CHGSMTPA above).

8. How to Configure a Relay Connector for Exchange Server 2010

See this page.
Also read the following note I received from a MMAIL user having intermittent problems in connecting with an EXCHANGE server:

• We upgraded from 6.1 to 7.1 the weekend of 7/16/11. We had no issues with emailing using SNDDST or MMAIL. We upgraded our hardware to Power 7 the weekend of 7/29/11. Since then, we have been having intermittent issues sending email. My boss finally called IBM today and found out that in the CHGSMTPA command, a new parm was added back in 6.1. The new parm was FWDHUBSVR in which we loaded our IP Address for our Exchange Server. Once this was done all of our emails so far have been sent successfully.

9. How to support spool files with more than 132 characters per line

The maximum supported number of characters per line depends on the total record length of file mmail/spools, which is delivered as 132.

To increase this limit to (say) 180, operate as follow:

1. dltf mmail/spools
2. crtpf file(mmail/spools) rcdlen(180) mbr(*none) maxmbrs(*nomax) size(*nomax) aut(*all)

10. How to run MMAIL on a system with system value QCCSID = 65535

Any job started on iSeries inherits its CCSID from system value QCCSID.

CCSID 65535 inhibits code page conversion (see this Infocenter page).

On the other side, the system API used by MMAIL, QtmmSendMail, requires the sender and the addressee data be in code page 500; moreover, the MIME file itself needs to support code page conversion. For this to occur, both the job using MMAIL commands or subprocedures, and the QMSF jobs must run with a CCSID other than 65535.

This can be implemented as follow:

1. find out the "nnnn" CCSID appropriate for your national language (see this Infocenter page)
2. if you need to run an MMAIL command from a 5250 session, enter the following commands before running any MMAIL command:
   • chgjob ccsid(nnnn)
   • addlible mmail
   • mmail/chgjbccsid job(QMSF) ccsid(nnnn)
3. if it is a program issuing MMAIL commands or using MMAIL service program subprocedures, just have the program using subprocedure SetJobCSID as soon as it starts.

11. How can I implement E-Mail Authentication

See IBM Software Technical Document Configuring SMTP Authentication.

12. Does MMAIL have any facility to send SMS messages to any mobile number and how can that be implemented?

You may send a specifically-customized e-mail message to a SMS gateway to have it converted to a SMS message and sent to the desired mobile(s). See this page.

13. How to insert an image in the body of an EML... message

You may insert one (or more) image(s) in the body of your EML ... (EMLMSG, EMLSPL, etc.) message by simply specifying in any point(s) of your message text the < img > HTML tag(s) for the desired image(s). This is usually done to insert an image as a logo.
For instance, you could insert the image of a boat by inserting the following < img > HTML tag:
< img src="http://www.easy400.net/mmail/image/0002378.gif" > .

14. How to enablel SSL (Secure Socket Layer) on the SMTP server

See IBM i Information Center page Enabling SSL between the SMTP server and client on the sender system.

15. What is the maximum number of destination addresses for a MMAIL e-mail message?

MMAIL procedure SendMail allows for a maximum of 1,000 destination addresses.
Your RPG programs, however, can perform multiple calls to that procedure, thus implementing a higher number of destinations per shot.
For instance, both MMAIL programs EMLSPLF and EMLSPLF2 (commands STREMLSPLF and STREMLSPL2) can send a message to an unlimited number of addresses.

16. I realized that since July 2012 Unicode UTF-8 has become the MMAIL default character set, while before it used to be ISO-8859-1.
What was the reason for this change and how can I set the default MMAIL character set back to ISO-8859-1?

Unicode UTF-8 (CCSID 1208 on IBM System i) is a universal multilanguage character set, emcompassing all the other characters sets (like ISO-8859-1) available for MMAIL. By using UTF-8 you have no problems, for example, with both English and Czech alphabets. The only disadvantage is that UTF-8 texts, before been interpreted by a mailer, cannot be read by a human being, as a single original character may be represented by UTF-8 multiple characters.
The reason why UTF-8 has been elected as the MMAIL default character set, is that by doing this MMAIL setup is very easy also for Northern and Eastern and European countries, while it still works perfectly for the traditional Latin and English languages.
Should you like to set the MMAIL default character set to one of the other available character sets, this is how you do it:

• run command MMAIL/CHARSET
• remove the 1 in front of Unicode UTF-8
• select with a 1 your desired default character set
• press the Enter key to perform the update
• press F3 or F12 to exit.

17. MMAIL commands for e-mailing spool files fail when referring to a spool file generated by another job. Why does that happen?

MMAIL commands referring to a spool file generated by another job may fail in retrieving such a spool file.
Possible reasons are:

1. The user profile of the job issuing the MMAIL command has no authority on the output queue containing the desired spool file
2. The output queue containing the desired spool file specifies AUTCHK(*OWNER) instead of AUTCHK(*DTAAUT)
3. The job generating the desired spool file has ended and its spool files were detached from it. This occurs when
   • system value QSPLFACN specifies *DETACH, or
   • the user profile generating the spool file is related to a job description specifying QSPLFACN(*DETACH)
   • the job generating the spool file specifies QSPLFACN(*DETACH)
   In such a case, spool files generated by it can no longer be retrieved by specifying the qualified job name of their generating job.